Civil rights refer to the fundamental rights and [[freedom]]s that every individual is entitled to, regardless of their race, ethnicity, gender, religion, or other personal characteristics. These rights are enshrined in various national [[constitution]]s, international agreements, and [[human rights]] documents and are meant to ensure equal treatment and protection under the law. The concept of civil rights has evolved over time, and different societies and cultures have interpreted and prioritized them differently. However, the core civil rights generally include: 1. **Right to life**: The most basic civil right, which guarantees the protection of an individual's life and physical integrity. 2. **Right to liberty**: This encompasses personal freedom, including freedom of movement and the right to be free from arbitrary arrest or detention. 3. **Right to equality**: This principle asserts that all individuals should be treated equally under the law and enjoy the same rights and opportunities, without [[discrimination]] based on race, gender, religion, or other characteristics. 4. **Right to due process**: This right ensures that legal proceedings are conducted fairly, impartially, and in accordance with established rules and principles. 5. **Freedom of expression**: This includes the right to express one's opinions and ideas without interference, as well as the freedom of the press and other forms of media. 6. **Freedom of religion**: This guarantees an individual's right to practice their religion, or to not practice any religion at all, without coercion or discrimination. 7. **Right to assembly and association**: This ensures the freedom to gather with others, form associations, and engage in collective activities, such as protests or social movements. 8. **Right to vote and participate in government**: This encompasses the right to take part in the political process, either directly or through freely chosen representatives. ## Civil rights: A constant struggle The struggle for civil rights has been a significant aspect of human history, with various social and political movements advocating for the recognition and protection of these rights. One of the most prominent examples is the [[Civil Rights]] Movement in the United States during the 1950s and 1960s, which sought to end racial [[segregation]] and discrimination against African Americans and other minority groups. It resulted in the [[Civil Rights Act]]s of 1964 and 1968 -- though the underlying struggles continue to this day. Civil rights continue to be a vital area of focus for activists, governments, and international organizations, as they work to address ongoing challenges such as racial and gender-based [[discrimination]], LGBTQ+ rights, disability rights, and the rights of indigenous peoples.